A Complete Idiot's Guide to Cuba
For those who have only heard about Cuba, this page will be a good starting point to know Cuba and even choose vacation rentals. This guide does not contain the same information that you can already find anywhere online: Tropicana, la Bodeguita del Medio, the old town and so on. It is not a tourist guide of the kind that surely abounds online, but a practical guide not only for newcomers, but for those who are looking for tricks that not everyone knows. For those who want to know the real Cuba and not the Cuba of postcards and hotels.
What to know before travelling to Cuba?
- I. Zones of Cuba
- II. Planning a Travel
- III. Practical Information
- IV. Precautions
I. Zones of Cuba
If you are visiting Cuba for the first time, it is very useful to know something about a certain key area, so you can better choose the place that mostly responds to your tastes and expectations.
Every Cuban province has its poles of interest and its tourist places. Since this page does not limit itself to describe only areas, but many other things, we will limit ourselves to describe only Havana and Varadero the typical places visited by most newbie and tourists in general.
Varadero
Varadero can be defined in a few words: about thirty kilometers of pure beach, hotels and tourist shops. Two general shopping malls, a natural park, a national aquarium and several restaurants that have nothing out of the ordinary because true quality can only be found in the best all-inclusive hotels. Varadero can be compared to the hotel zone of Cancun, Mexico, with the difference that Varadero is less commercial, less developed, more natural and also not exclusively hotel based, there is an inhabited area where houses are rented.
Varadero does not have a fruits and vegetables market because it is almost exclusively a tourist area and does not have a medical office for the population, but, just at the Varadero exit, there is a small town, Santa Marta, where all these services are available. Since Varadero is only a beach and not a big city like Havana, it is very difficult to get lost and orientation is easy, so no other descriptions are necessary. Besides, there is only one area, the beach area, and the tourist looking for private houses will have no difficulty in choosing.
For a complete list of vacation rentals and an article really comprehensive about Varadero and its province, Matanzas, please visit this page.
Havana City
Havana City is the capital of Cuba and it's the place where most tourists go. It's the most developed city of Cuba and the one with most choices in vacation rental. Obviously, all these houses belong to zones and each zone has its special characteristics.
The hottest areas of Havana are mainly three: Old Havana / Centro Habana, Vedado / Nuevo Vedado and Miramar. There is also the area of Carlos III where the price of the rentals is more accessible but still this area belongs to the Plaza municipality, the same where Vedado and Nuevo Vedado are also located. And finally, there are the famous beach areas of Guanabo, Boca Ciega and Brisas del Mar or the less known Playa Baracoa, which is located on the western opposite side of Havana. Each one of the above links points to a list of vacation rental and a complete article about the respective zone. Although our agency serves all areas without restrictions, most of the rental houses are nevertheless, and for obvious reasons, in these areas. To find them you just have to use the "Search by" function of the main menu or the thematic links of the quick menu.
Since each of these zone has a dedicated page, we will just describe here the difference between them, without diving too much into the detail of each one.
Old Havana and Centro Habana
La Habana Vieja (Old Havana) is the historic center of Havana, where you can find the museums, traditions, architecture and classic places of the capital of Cuba. A more detailed description of this center can be found on the page dedicated to Old Havana Homes. We also have an Essential and definitive guide to Old Havana, where most of the monuments, buildings and artistic and cultural sites of this area are described.
Centro Habana is the natural continuation of Old Havana and is the bridge between the historical center and the modern center of the capital. Prado Avenue is the official border between the two municipalities. Therefore, the famous corner Prado y Neptuno (also the subject of the classic song A Prado y Neptuno), The Capitol, the Fraternity Park, the San Rafael Boulevard, the Galiano Avenue (or Avenida de Italia) the National Ballet of Cuba and many other tourist places technically belong to Centro Habana. While everything east of Avenida Prado, is Old Havana. The two municipalities are so important and interdependent that they tend to get confused and it is not uncommon for you to hear about Old Havana where, in fact, one is talking about Centro Habana or vice versa. Let's say that the difference between the two municipalities is only administrative because in real life there is no clear boundary between them and, according to rumors, there is even a unification project, which however has never been accomplished. You can find a more detailed description of Centro Habana on the page dedicated to the Centro Habana Houses.
Vedado and Nuevo Vedado (New Vedado)
Unlike Centro Habana and Old Havana, El Vedado and Nuevo Vedado are not municipalities, but rather neighborhoods that are part of a municipality called Plaza de la Revolución or simply Plaza for short. El Vedado represents the modern center of the capital; it is there where all the high buildings are located, the Hotel Nacional of Cuba (which appears in all the flyers and postcards of Havana), La Rampa (which is the most lively part of El Vedado), the ice cream parlor named Coppelia, the hotel Habana Libre, reference of all other Cuban hotels and many other places. Old Havana has a historical and folkloric interest, while Vedado is the true modern center, with its residential parts, of course, like everything between the G Avenue (or Avenida de los Presidentes) and the Paseo Avenue. Many argue that this stretch represents the best place in Cuba. In fact houses in Vedado are more expensive than in Old Havana, in terms of sales, because that's where the first rich people settled in post-colonial times. Some say that the houses in Vedado are even more expensive and quoted than those in Miramar (another residential area), but that is relative. Regarding Vedado, we also have another interesting article, whose title is The Rare History of El Vedado.
Nuevo Vedado is an extension of Vedado, it has nothing to do with this latter, but it is a residential and elite area located in the southern part of the municipality Plaza, in the southeastern part of the Almendares River. It borders all the Havana Wood and, in spite of being a little urbanistically intricate, it has an excellent, but unique, way of fast communication, the 26th Avenue.
Miramar and Playa
Miramar belongs to the municipality of Playa which is located to the west of the Vedado neighborhood and the Almendares river. It is the residential area of Havana, but contrary to Nuevo Vedado, it has much more than luxury homes. It is the place where you can find most of the embassies, the big commercial and business centers. It is preferred by professionals and businessmen. There are also many hotels, bars, restaurants and recreation centers. In other words, it is like a third center of the capital, a residential center. All those who love tranquility but at the same time want to have the feeling of being in a central place, choose Miramar.
Miramar is not the only residential neighborhood of Playa. There also are others, less central and even more luxurious in the west or the south, such as Kohly, Náutico, Flores, Siboney and Cubanacán. A more detailed description of Miramar is located in the page about Miramar houses. If you want a more detailed description about the Playa borough, you can find it here.
II. Planning a Trip to Cuba
Here you will find some practical information which can be used to prepare your trip to Cuba.
Which Currency to Bring to Cuba?
Not all currencies are accepted in Cuba. Generally, only US dollars, Canadian dollars, euros, British pounds, the Mexican peso, the Japanese yen, the Swiss franc, and a few others are accepted.
For those coming from the United States or Latin American countries, the typical choice would be the US dollar. Euros are also widely accepted. The convertible peso (CUC) no longer exists in Cuba, and at the time of updating this article, the informal exchange rate is much higher than the official one. We generally advise travelers to arrive in Cuba with cash, either dollars or euros, and then rely on the help of the owners of the private homes where they will be staying to exchange part or all of it for local currency.
The "ex" two Cuban currencies
For years, two currencies existed in Cuba: the Cuban peso (CUP), the local currency, and the freely convertible peso (CUC), equivalent to the dollar. The CUC no longer exists as of 2021, and the Cuban economy is currently governed by an informal exchange rate that varies all the time and which we will not detail here.
There are many shops and hotels that exclusively accept dollars or euros; therefore, the general advice is to arrive to Cuba with cash and to exchange parts of this money for local currency as needed. Once again, the owners of private homes can help you with this.
What Documents Will I Need to Travel to Cuba?
To arrive to Cuba it is necessary to have a valid passport, a general medical insurance, which is compulsory from May 1st 2010, a tourist visa that you can buy at the airport or in any travel agency and a return flight ticket to your country (or any other ticket out of Cuba).
Passport
As in all countries, a passport is required to enter Cuba. If you have more than one passport because you have double citizenship, for example, you must take into account that you will have to leave Cuba with the same passport with which you entered. Avoid going out with this document. It is an important document and losing it involves complicated and expensive procedures at your embassy, besides you will not be able to leave Cuba until you have your new passport, although, in this case, most embassies give out provisional travel documents, but they are not free! To identify yourself on the street, your identity card is sufficient and at most you can go along with a photocopy of your passport. You will only need the original if you go to the bank or do something like extending your visa.
Tourist Visa
You can buy it directly at the airport, but always try to have it first. Arriving to Cuba without a visa is forbidden and your airline will require it at luggage check-in. You can also buy that visa through your travel agency. A tourist visa costs around 20 dollars.
Make sure that your visa has the stamp of your travel agency or airport agency because visas without a stamp are not valid. This happened to one of our Italian customers. He had to buy the visa for a second time when he was leaving the airport of Madrid because when he bought it in Rome, it did not have a stamp. Still, avoid going out on the street with your visa. This document only serves to enter and leave Cuba or to extend your stay. No national police officer will require you to show it, unless he's an immigration police officer and have special reasons to do so. You will have to deal with these officers only if you commit a crime or are involved in a criminal problem.
Although rarely needed as an identification document, the tourist visa is a mandatory document in Cuba, which everyone must take out, even children. In case of loss, immediately notify the nearest immigration office, they will notify the airport agents, who will make you a duplicate. If you happen to leave your visa at home or at the hotel and you arrive at the airport without it, tell the immigration agents that you lost it, because if you say that you left it somewhere, they will force you to go and look for it, and you will probably miss your flight!
Medical Insurance
Regarding the medical insurance, verify first if you really need to get one. Some countries, such as Canada, provide a free basic medical insurance for its citizens (for example, the Carte Soleil in Quebec), which is valid in Cuba. In this case, you'll not need to get a health insurance to travel to Cuba! Also, some credit cards include a health insurance, which you can use. Verify if it's your case. If and only if you don't have any medical insurance, you must get one at your travel agency or some third-party insurance company accredited in Cuba [See the full list of accredited insurance companies in Cuba]. In any case you can buy the health insurance directly in Cuba, at the Asistur agency.
Flight Ticket to Leave Cuba
Any tourist or Cuban living outside Cuba can't enter in Cuba without a ticket to leave the country, which may be to any destination, unless you are a temporary or permanent resident. If you want to know more about the existing residences types in Cuba, see this page.
How Many Days a Tourist Visa Lasts?
Generally a tourist visa is for 30 days and it can be further extended for other 30 days. But, if you are a Canadian citizen, your visa will last 90 days and you can extend it for another 90 days (six months in total). Also, if you are married to a Cuban, you can stay in Cuba up to six months, but you have to extend your visa each month and your visa will not be a tourist visa, it will be an A2 category family visit visa. But things change a lot. Don't rely uniquely on what you are reading here.
Arriving to Cuba
If you have luggage weighing 30 kilograms or less, you do not have to pay any customs duties. There is a customs declaration, but this declaration is only for Cuban and foreign residents.
Looking for a Taxi
Arriving at the exit of the airport do not accept any taxi proposal because it could be an illegal taxi that would charge you the same as an official taxi or more, some of them go around a lot to pretend that the race is longer than it really is. Go out the door of the airport and head for an official taxi. Demand the use of the taximeter, as that is your right. In Havana a taxi ride from the airport may cost between 20 and 30 dollars, depending on the distance, or perhaps more if you are going to a more peripheral area (such as the beaches). In other provinces the prices are similar. Sometimes taxi drivers, despite not having a taximeter, offer reasonable prices, but this is valid only when you know the price of the route in advance. Otherwise choose another taxi.
What you Should not to do With Taxi Drivers
Avoid to accept any proposal when the taxi driver offers you a private house which is not the hotel or the home you have booked. Most taxi drivers propose alternate lodging to get commissions from the home owners they know, who pay them to send them customers. The taxi driver will probably be very kind and seductive, but don't trust him completely. He may talk very badly and negatively about the home you have booked but this is only because he's interested to redirect you elsewhere. The bad news is that very often these houses are illegal, they don't have a rental license (below we'll discuss the consequences of this) and, often, they don't even cost less. If you get into such a taxi driver, make a try, invent a house and verify what he has to tell about it.
When you arrive at your destination, do not let the taxi driver talk to the owners of the house. Sometimes he will talk to the owners a little bit and then come and tell you that the house is taken. This happens because the taxi driver asks if the house is available as if you were an unknown customer. And the owners will say it's occupied because they were actually waiting for you. You must always speak in person, even if you don't speak Spanish, often the owners understand English or French.
The Cuban Taxi Riders
Sometimes in Cuba people invent incredible things to earn their daily bread. In Cuba it's very unlikely that you fall into a gangster who will steal or attack you. And this is almost unthinkable if the taxi is official. So you can feel completely safe from this point of view. But this doesn't mean that you will be deal with a saint. Some taxi drivers will try to seduce you with advice and help to get an economic benefit from you, and one of the methods to achieve this is precisely to steer you towards a house or a restaurant that they arrange for you. In Cuba, it is difficult to earn money. Just avoid letting someone take advantage of you to remedy this unfortunate situation.
Where to Lodge in Cuba? Hotels and Casas Particulares
Where to stay in Cuba? Hotels and private houses
Tourists and Cubans living abroad must stay in a hotel or in a house that has a rental license and pays taxes. They can also get a family visit visa. However, staying in a house without a license is a serious fiscal violation and can lead to a big fine, the confiscation of the house, depending on the case, and your deportation. A deported tourist can return, even the same day of his deportation, but this entails a plane ticket and the acquisition of new travel documents. Hardly anyone these days stay in illegal houses.
People with tourist visas cannot lodge to friend's, spouse's or family's house. For this, they need a familiar visa, the aready mentioned A-2 visa. You can change the visa in Cuba directly or in any Cuban embassy outside Cuba, but, in this case, you will pay more.
III. Practical Information
Driving a Car in Cuba
To rent a car in Cuba, there are numerous agencies in almost all the tourist centers of the country.
Driver's License
Cuba will accept the driver's license of your country or an international license when you rent a car. In Cuba it's not allowed to drive a vehicle without a valid and operative driver's license. The residents, six months after getting their residence, must get a Cuban license. This may be done in the Trillo Park in Centro Habana or in Miramar 1ra and 14. The exact place depends on your domicile and it may be different than one of the ones we have mentioned.
What Credit Cards are Accepted in Cuba?
Credit cards are accepted in all tourist centers, commercial areas, and official stores. They are not accepted in private homes or restaurants (paladares) or private businesses. Some MIPYMES (small or medium private enterprises) may accept cards, but generally this involves local transfers and it is quite rare for a private business to accept international credit cards. It is strongly discouraged to withdraw money from ATMs using an international credit card. Although technically possible, the official exchange rate will be applied, which is currently four times less than the informal exchange rate, whose use is widespread in Cuba. Use your card only to consume at hotels or stores that only accept dollars. Additionally, in Cuba, no credit card issued by a bank from the United States is accepted and, generally, Visa cards are more accepted than MasterCard cards.
Regarding debt cards, there is not guarantee that they will work, even if, in general, they should be accepted, especially if they are Visa or Visa Elektron.
Where to Eat in Cuba
In Cuba there are official restaurants and paladares (private restaurants, generally home made). Today, there are also the cooperative-type restaurants, that is, restaurants that were state-run and have been revitalized by private initiative, more similars to the classic concept of restaurant.
The Cuban Cuisine
Cuban cuisine is derived from Hispanic and African traditions, but also has influences from the nearby island of Haiti and the Dominican Republic, so it is predominantly Creole and proposes simple meals based on local products. There is also a branch of fine cuisine that comes from Europe, mainly France and Spain, and was inherited by the Spanish from colonial times. The Italian and Spanish cuisines are very well represented, as well as other thematic cuisines. Despite the current difficulties of finding quality food and the loss of values, Cuba actually has a rich culinary tradition. Many legacies of this latter, as well as fine dishes, can be found in fine restaurants or some paladares. While, from a home point of view, the dish of choice is the congrí (rice and beans), which usually accompains everything, a bit like in Chinese cuisine, where rice is everywhere. In Cuba there is not much choice of fruits, but the ones that are available are really genuine. Good is the national beer and the famous rum.
Telephone, Telecom and Internet
If a call is at the recipient's expense (and this is always the case when calling outside Cuba and the line is not international), you must always call through an operator. The other option is to have a cell phone. With a cell phone you can make international calls but they are quite expensive. Lately, Etecsa, the Cuban telecommunication company, proposes promotions, where when you recharge your cell phone line with a credit card through the internet, you receive a variable bonus and valuable internet plans.
In Cuba, who is receiving celluar calls, either national or international, does not pay. It's also free if we receive a call from another mobile if that mobile doesn't dial *99 before the number, in that last case, the call is charged to the recipient. However, most people communicate internationally through mobile applications, such as WhatsApp, Imo or Telegram. WhatsApp is now the most widely used in Cuba. Imo was very popular years ago, but it was in times when people had to go to wi-fi parks to get connected and mobile data was not yet implemented. Starting from the year 2018, with mobile data, habits changed and now WhatsApp is the dominant app to communicate in Cuba. For more details about internet mobile data in Cuba, visit this page.
In Cuba the mobile data internet is the most widely used and, in less extent, the ADSL. Cuban mobile technology is based on the GSM system, SIM cards, and is mostly prepaid. The TDMA system does not exist in Cuba. Mobile data internet is in place since December 6, 2018, and currently operates at 4G speed (although it does not yet reach all areas). In this page you can find an article entirely devoted to this.
Etecsa (Empresa de Telecomunicaciones Cubana Sociedad Anónima), manages all the telecommunications services in Cuba. But, at the beginning, cellphone mobile services were provided by Cubacel and Cecom companies. Cecom no longer exists and Cubacel was merged with ETECSA although both retain their distinctive names for some services. Before 2009, only people who had a foreign (and not Cuban), passport could have a cell phone line in their name, in fact they could have up to three lines. Today, it is the other way around: only Cubans and residents can have a cell phone line in their name, tourists must rent it. A line expires one year after the last top-up.
The Internet in Cuba
The internet in Cuba used to be restricted but this is no longer the case. After the arrival of mobile data internet, there are interesting packages. Although there are many others connectivity options in Cuba, personally I think that at this time the mobile data is the most flexible and convenient, even if not always stable. For example, it will slow down or completely deteriorate during a blackout. If you have a computer, you may configure a hot spot on the cell phone and connect the computer to the phone's internet via wifi. The good thing about mobile data internet in Cuba is that it has 4G speed (which allows to download videos at average speeds of 500 kb per second (real!), much faster than from a normal wifi in Cuba), and you can also disable the pay as you go option (an option you can't control), and only spend the mobile data that is left in the package. When the package runs out, the internet stops working. You can refill it very easily, you can buy a package directly from your phone balance by composing *133#, assuming you have available solde. Once again, I invite you to read this page to know more about mobile data in Cuba (and all the details in terms of options and prices).
What kind of internet is suitable for a tourist? Surely wifi, but also mobile data, you just have to make an online recharge. Tourists generally do not have permanent Nauta wifi accounts, but most of the time they do not need them. Therefore it is advisable that they acquire their coupons in Etecsa centers or in hotels. Some hotels have their own internet connection or sell Nauta tickets that can only be used in those hotels. But these connections are usually slower than mobile data. The dial-up internet connection is practically not used anymore, as in most countries.
Dressing in Cuba
In Cuba, dressing is quite informal, due to the great heat most of the year. You have to choose cotton clothing and short sleeves. You can walk around in jeans, of course they are very hot if you are not used to it. For a foreigner, it's typical to walk around in light pants, skirts if you are a woman, shorts or sports suits (which are very comfortable in tropical climates because they are made for those who sweat). But you also have to take into account that long pants protect from mosquitoes. Therefore, if you are in an area where there are mosquitoes (and there almost always are), it is preferable to try to cover your legs and feet, which is where mosquitoes prefer to bite. Remember that in Cuba there is a risk of dengue fever (which is a type of yellow fever), and other endemic viral diseases due to mosquitoes. It is not very common to get sick, but precautions are never enough. If you come to Cuba in the dry season (November to April) you can bring something to keep you warm because during the sporadic cold fronts, the temperature can drop to below 10 degrees Celsius. But generally, keep in mind that the climate in Cuba is tropical.
What is the Best Season to Travel to Cuba?
In Cuba there are two natural seasons, the first is "dry" and "fresh" and the second is "damp" and "hot" one. Here the quotes really indicate a term between quotes, because the climate in Cuba is never dry. There is high humidity all year round. But the dry season is less humid compared to the summer. The "winter" is characterized by little rain and the arrival of several cold fronts. In the summer (April-October) it is the opposite. Excessive heat leads to higher rainfall, turbidity, insistent, violent but short-lived rainfall. While in the period June-November it's the hurricane season, halfway between the beginning and end of summer. There is always the possibility of one passing over Cuba. Fortunately the Cuban civil defense is very efficient, Cuba is prepared to face hurricanes, now more than ever, and, in their occurrence, tourists who are staying in high risk areas are always moved to safe places.
Many prefer to come to Cuba in the fresh season. I also share this opinion, but if you are a beach lover, if you love high temperatures and to brown under the sun, then summer is the way to go. Let's say that winter is more suitable for general interest travel, while summer is an exclusively beach season. Cuba is always beautiful but its various manifestations depend on individual tastes and preferences.
Electricity in Cuba
The blackouts are now very frequent, but the tourism sector is well organized. Most hotels have their own power plant and so do some private homes. In addition, Cuba is already prepared to face electrical problems, perhaps more than other countries: they have many electrical plants that do not depend on oil, but on solar and other renewable energies. Despite of that, Cuba is crossing a severe energy shortage, even if less in Havana, but not that less..
Voltage Used in Cuba
The voltage used in Cuba is 110 volts (and 220 for air conditioning and some other equipment), with American type outlets. Some hotels (such as the Meliá chain and others) use 220 volts and European outlets. If you come from a country that uses a different type of outlets and voltages, try to get adapters and transformers before you arrive in Cuba, because you will most likely have difficulty finding these things once you get there.
Shopping and Entertainments
For a complete discussion about shopping options in Cuba, visit the article where to buy in Cuba.
Religion in Cuba
The majority of the population practices and believes in syncretism, which is a mixture between Catholicism and African rites imported from colonial times. At the beginning, the Spanish colonizers forbade the slaves to practice their local religions. The latter began to mix the worship of the saints with their African rites, thus forming the famous religious trend called santeria or Afrocuban religion, often called Yoruba, something similar to what happens in Brazil. However, not everyone believes in it. In Cuba, there is also Christianity with all its variants, the presence of the Catholic religion is quite strong and has been strengthened after the visits of the Popes.
There is currently no official religion in Cuba. The position regarding religion has been modified and changed over the years during the Revolution. For a time the government had an atheistic position, but over the years it became more sensitive, especially towards Catholicism and syncretism.
Tips in Cuba
In general tips are very well accepted (where not, by the mean?) in exchange of little favors that you might receive. While in official places such as restaurants and hotels, they are usually 10% of the price. In some place this is mandatory, in others, it is optional. When mandatory, it is shown in the menu that all prices include the 10% of service.
Transportation in Cuba
Public transportation in Cuba has always been a problem because of the shortage of means and especially of fuel. Buses are sometimes scarce and very full. That's why, except for some original ones, traveling by bus (which in Cuba is called "guagua") is not common among tourists, unless it is a tourist bus, like Viazul and others. But there are several options, such as personal taxis (both private and official, including classic cars), and collective taxis (mostly in classic cars, but less pretty). Each option has its own prices and rules, which may vary a lot over time. Personal taxis, which in Cuba are called "direct taxis" are more expensive, but more flexible and they go directly where you want to go, they don't have predefined routes. Taxis are usually found on the street. When they are called by phone, you will only be charged from the moment the taxi picks you up. The night rates are a little higher than the day rates, especially if they are official taxis. The problem with these taxis is that they are few in number, the phone booking system has lost a lot of quality lately and most of them park only near hotels and airports. Generally the best option is using the collective taxis, however there are routes that only the guaguas cover. Therefore, taking a bus is not so plebeyan after all.
The tourist also has the alternative of renting a car, but it is an expensive choice, as natural. In general, if you do not have much money, if you do not like to go in collective taxis or you do not have much knowledge about their routes, we advise you to stay in central areas and move only on known route.
In central locations it is also quite easy to get around on a bicycle or rollerblades. Cuba does not have very big cities and even Havana is a relatively small capital. Note also that most of the streets in Old Havana are pedestrianized, so it is not convenient to move around by car in this municipality. There are many bicycle taxis (which are cars powered by bicycles) in this area (and others).
Taxi Drivers Once More
Tipping is generally not done in taxis, unless they are official taxis that use a taximeter (only official taxis have one). Otherwise if you negotiate a tariff, it's often a undeclared race where the taxi driver personally earns the fare. Some drivers take advantage of newcomers by charging more than they should, some even ask for double! There are Cubans who think they are smarter than the rest of the world and consider tourists as they were foolish, this at least until they travel to another country to reproduce the exact same experience in themselves. Avoid negotiating rates unless your convenience is evident. Some taxi drivers don't make much money but you don't know who is who and by the way, you didn't come to Cuba to perform humanitarian missions, nor to lose the respect of those who benefit at your expense!
Airports in Cuba
The airport of Havana is 18 kilometers (about 11.18 miles) away from the center and the airport of Santiago de Cuba city is about 15 km (roughly 9.32 miles) far. And finally, the airport of Varadero (the bigger after the airport of Havana), is 10 km (about 6.21 miles) away from the Varadero locality.
Here, we will not talk about taxi prices as we have already done this, we just need to add that from the city to the airport is usually less expensive than from the airport to the city. Sometimes it is the same price, this depends on the situation and the taxi driver. The fact is that taxi drivers who pick up people at the airport have a special permit for that and some of them charge for this. Whereas anyone can go from the city to the airport, drop someone off and then leave. Much easier. In Santiago of Cuba the prices are similar. The situation in Varadero is a little different because, normally, tourists already have the transfer included in their travel package. But despite its 10 km, taxi prices in Varadero are higher than in other locations. The airport departure tax is no longer paid, but it is always good to leave with some money. When leaving Cuba, don't expect to change your residual pesos cubanos at the airport, this service does not exist.
IV. Precautions
Things to Avoid in Cuba
Avoid going around with a lot of money or with your passport in your pocket. In Cuba, there is not much crime, but there are plenty of thieves, who can rob you in various places and in various ways without you even noticing. Avoid getting drunk or losing your head, both of which are easy to do in Cuba and make it easier for you to become a victim of some criminal act. But you don't have to go that far. One of our clients was robbed in his own car, he gave two women a hitchhike (which in Cuba is called "dar botella"). They began to propose theirselves to him by caressing him everywhere, but in reality they took the money out of his pockets and he did not notice anything. Luckily, he didn't have much money on him, but these things can always happen, no matter how unusual they are! Be very careful, if you lose an important document or a large amount of money, it can totally spoil the happiness of your trip and perhaps even harm you completely.
Avoid to take pictures to uniformed people, military buildings or public establishments. This is forbidden in Cuba.
Avoid to bring to Cuba any kind of illegal drug or dope, unless you have a medical prescription certified in a Cuban embassy, which will authorize you to take some controlled substances for medical reasons. Always get informed before bringing such things, because a simple medical prescription would not suffice. Carrying narcotics in Cuba is severely punished. Don't be fool!
Since November 2004, Cuba's anti-tobacco law has been in effect, banning smoking in enclosed spaces. Clearly, there are many violations. Cuba continues to be the paradise of smokers, and cancer is currently the first cause of death in Cuba, not only because of the use of tobacco, but also because of the poor diet to which Cubans are subject. It seems that it is more expensive for the government to invest in food than in medical expenses. Returning to the issue of tobacco, even though no one enforces it, the law still exists and is respected at least in tourist places such as hotels.
If you Drive, Don't Drink
Avoid driving with alcohol in Cuba. If you rent a car, your insurance pays for everything, whether or not you are guilty in the accident. However, if you drive under the influence of drugs or alcohol, the insurance will not cover anything and all the damages will be at your expenses, according to the high prices in Cuba established by the car rental. In addition, in case of accidents with injuries or deaths, the foreigner involved will not be able to leave Cuba until the trial is over, whether he is innocent or guilty, and this can take months. Be very careful! If you plan to go to a discotheque and drink alcohol it is advisable not to go in your car, hire a driver or take a taxi. If you rent a car you are entitled to an additional driver. You can also have a personal chauffeur, but he has to be mentioned in the rental contract. Another option is to leave the car at the disco parking, it will be safe and you'll avoid risks, but the best option of all is to avoid alcohol, at least if you drive.
Illness and Vaccins
In Cuba, there are not endemic illness, except some infections like the dengue (yellow fever) transmitted by mosquitos. Despite of the battle conduced against mosquitos and the fumigation, these insects are always there. Be always careful, use insect repellents or protecting clothes, especially in the late afternoon, when the Aedes Aegipty, the mosquito responsible for the epidemic is most likely to appear.
Some cases of cholera also occurred in Cuba, but only in isolated steps and always far from tourist places.
Because there are not typical illness in Cuba, we don't have particular vaccines to recommend. A simple one against influenza would be handy.
The rate of AIDS in Cuba is quite low because health education programs are very good about it. Nevertheless, it is always important to protect yourself.
Possible Sanitary Risks
Dengue, hepatitis A, typhus, influenza.
It's always good to bring with you a little kit of medicines, here a small list that might be useful:
- Aspirin for fevers and pains. This in Cuba is difficult to get since many years.
- Antihistamines and anticongestions. - They are useful for allergic influenza and several other reactions quite frequent in Cuba. Keep in mind that if you take antihistamines they can give sleepiness. If possible, choose one you used in the past and you know well.
- Some products to prevent altitude or car sickness.
- A good purgative may be useful because the constipation in Cuba is a common problem.
- Some disinfectants for cuts, scratches, etc. In Cuba it's difficult to get patches, so if you use them, bring them.
- An antihistamine ointment or the chinese menthol, to relieve irritations or itches due to insect bites.
- Some powder or anti-fungal products to relieve fungus.
- Scissors, forceps and thermometer (but don't bring them in hand luggage because these things are generally forbidden by airlines).
- You can also bring solutions to disinfect water, such as the hypochlorite.
- If you smoke cigars, Listerine is awesome, because it helps preventing mouth infections provoked by tobacco. We also recommend to brush your teeths immediately after smoking a cigar, this will help you yo maintain your month free from any irritation and will keep your teeths clean (but this will not protect you from cancer).
- Alcohol based handkerchiefs or lotions to sanitize your hands, because in Cuba is often difficult to find soap in bathrooms and it's very important to wash your hands before eating anything. This will help prevent illness which in Cuba are always possible.
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